{"id":2835,"date":"2020-07-20T07:40:49","date_gmt":"2020-07-20T07:40:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/?p=2835"},"modified":"2020-07-20T07:40:50","modified_gmt":"2020-07-20T07:40:50","slug":"rafine-tuz-nasil-uretilmektedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/2020\/07\/20\/rafine-tuz-nasil-uretilmektedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Rafine Tuz nas\u0131l \u00fcretilmektedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Rafine Tuz \u00dcretimi<\/strong>; \u0130nsan g\u0131das\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan ve kimya sanayiinde kullan\u0131lacak olan tuzun rafine tuz olmas\u0131 istenmektedir. Deniz, g\u00f6l, kaya veya kaynak tuzlar\u0131ndan elde edilen ham tuzdan rafine tuz a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki y\u00f6ntemlerle \u00fcretilmektedir &nbsp;(Ergin, 1988).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rafine tuz \u00fcretimi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a) A\u00e7\u0131k KaplardaBuharla\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; b) Rekristalizasyon y\u00f6ntemi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A\u00e7\u0131k Kaplarda Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma Y\u00f6ntemi<\/strong>; Tuzlu su, \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiricilerinde 96-110\u00b0Cyedek \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7inde CaS04 \u0131n tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan ta\u015flar bulunan CaS04 tutucusundan ge\u00e7irilir. Ta\u015flarda biriken CaS04, haftada bir su ile y\u0131kanarak al\u0131n\u0131r. Tuzlu su buhar ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na gelir. Buradan 106\u00b0C de \u00e7\u0131kan tuzlu su geni\u015f, a\u00e7\u0131k kaplarda buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p Santrif\u00fcjden ge\u00e7irilerek suyu al\u0131n\u0131r ve s\u0131cak hava ile kurutulur. Eleklerden ge\u00e7irilerek \u00e7e\u015fitli tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fcklerine ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntem pahal\u0131 olup, iri tuz elde edilir. Bu bak\u0131mdan iri taneli tuz \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r &nbsp;(Ergin, 1988).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rekristalizasyon Y\u00f6ntemi<\/strong>; Rafine tuz \u00fcretiminde en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemdir. Ham tuz, su ve buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lardan elde edilen kondanse buhar kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ile eritilerek doymu\u015f bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti elde edilir. Bu \u00e7\u00f6zeltide bulunan ve elde edilecek tuzun niteli\u011fini bozan kalsiyum s\u00fclfat, magnezyum klor\u00fcr, magnezyum s\u00fclfat ile kalsiyum ve magnezyum bikarbonatlar\u0131n giderilmesi i\u00e7in tuzlu su \u00f6nce kire\u00e7-soda veya kostik-soda ile i\u015flem yap\u0131l\u0131r &nbsp;(Ergin, 1988).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kire\u00e7-soda i\u015flemi i\u00e7in, tuzlu suyun dolduruldu\u011fu b\u00fcy\u00fck tanklara, kire\u00e7 s\u00fct\u00fc, Ca(OH)2, pompalan\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan sodyum s\u00fclfat eklenir. Tuzun i\u00e7erisinde mevcut MgCI2 tuzla beraber suda eriyen bir maddedir. Esas olarak tuzun nemlenmesine neden olan MgCI2 ayn\u015ft\u0131rabilmek i\u00e7in, eritme tanklar\u0131na CaO kat\u0131l\u0131r. CaO tanka girmesiyle meydana gelen kimyevi olay a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da form\u00fcle edilmi\u015ftir. I . form\u00fclde meydana gelen Mg(OH)2 ve lll.c\u00fc form\u00fclde meydana gelen CaS04 suda erimeyen maddeler oldu\u011fundan, \u00e7\u00f6kertme filtrasyonla ana \u00fcr\u00fcnden ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu yolla elde edilen hemen hemen saf suya doymu\u015f su buharla\u015ft\u0131rma kazanlar\u0131nda vakum alt\u0131nda buharla\u015fmadan dolay\u0131 so\u011fumaya b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma kazanlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde k\u0131smen buharla\u015fma ve k\u0131smen de so\u011fumadan dolay\u0131 ayr\u0131\u015fan tuz kristalleri dibe \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcklerinde buharla\u015ft\u0131rma kazanlar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek derecedeki suda tuzun erime oran\u0131 daha fazla oldu\u011fundan buharla\u015ft\u0131rma kazanlar\u0131nda \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn 54\u00b0 C dereceye kadar so\u011futulmas\u0131yla bir k\u0131s\u0131m tuz elde edildi\u011fi gibi, ayn\u0131 zamanda tekrar 105-110\u00b0C dereceye \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman bu dereceler i\u00e7in doymam\u0131\u015f tuzlu su haline gelmekte ve tekrar doyurulmak \u00fczere eritme kazanlar\u0131na verilmektedir. B\u00f6ylelikle hemen hemen tesisattan hi\u00e7 su kaybedilmemekte ve ayn\u0131 su s\u00fcrekli sirk\u00fcle edilmektedir. Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma kazanlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde meydana gelen tuz kristalleri, kazan i\u00e7erisinden belli aral\u0131klarla zaman r\u00f6leleri yoluyla al\u0131n\u0131r. Kristaller s\u0131k al\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 durumda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, seyrek al\u0131nd\u0131klar\u0131 durumda b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlu \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131ndan, istenilen b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe ayarlanabilinir. Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma kazan\u0131n\u0131n dibinden al\u0131nan tuz kristalleri, y\u00fcksek devirli santrif\u00fcjde suyundan ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Santrif\u00fcjden \u00e7\u0131kan tuz yakla\u015f\u0131k % 3 oran\u0131nda neme sahiptir. Bu tuz hava kurutucular\u0131na verilerek <em>% <\/em>0.05 neme kadar kurumaya b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. Sanayi tuzu olarak piyasaya sunulan tuz do\u011frudan do\u011fruya bu kurutucudan \u00e7\u0131kan tuzdur. Safl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>% 99.7 oran\u0131ndad\u0131r. Sofra tuzu olarak sat\u0131lan tuz ise yukar\u0131da \u00fcretim \u015fekli anlat\u0131lan sanayi tuzuna, tuzun ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla % 0.5-1.0 oran\u0131nda Magnezyum Karbonat, Kalsiyum silikat, Kalsiyum karbonat, di ve tri kalsiyum fosfat gibi maddeler eklenerek elde<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>edilir. Sofra tuzunda aranan \u00f6zellikler TSEK taraf\u0131ndan standart hale getirilmi\u015ftir &nbsp;(Ergin, 1988).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ergin, Z. (1988). Tuzun \u00dcretim teknolojisi ve \u0130nsan Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki Yeri. <em>Madencilik Dergisi<\/em>, XXVII (1)9-30.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rafine Tuz \u00dcretimi; \u0130nsan g\u0131das\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan ve kimya sanayiinde kullan\u0131lacak olan tuzun rafine tuz olmas\u0131 istenmektedir. Deniz, g\u00f6l, kaya veya kaynak tuzlar\u0131ndan elde edilen ham tuzdan rafine tuz a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki y\u00f6ntemlerle \u00fcretilmektedir &nbsp;(Ergin, 1988). Rafine tuz \u00fcretimi &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a) A\u00e7\u0131k KaplardaBuharla\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; b) Rekristalizasyon y\u00f6ntemi A\u00e7\u0131k Kaplarda Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma Y\u00f6ntemi; Tuzlu su, \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiricilerinde 96-110\u00b0Cyedek [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2836,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2835"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2837,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2835\/revisions\/2837"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}