Tuzlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131flamas\u0131, deniz tuzlar\u0131 ve maden (kaya) tuzlar olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Son zamanlarda, farkl\u0131 madencilik ve toplama teknikleriyle d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinden hasat edilen \u00f6zel sodyum tuzlar\u0131 t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7in pazarlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u0131da s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 \u00f6zel tuzlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rnekleri Himalaya Pink tuzu, tipik bir deniz tuzlar\u0131na \u00f6rnek; Maldon tuzu, Celtic tuzu, Kilauea Black tuzu, Sonoma tuzu, Bolivya Rose tuzu ve daha bir\u00e7oklar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
*Ham formda (A) \u00e7e\u015fitli tuzlar (soldan sa\u011fa: y\u00fcksek safl\u0131kta sofra tuzu, kabuk \u00f6\u011f\u00fctme deniz tuzu, ince \u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f deniz tuzu, Himalaya Pembe tuzu ve Celtic deniz tuzu) ve% 20’lik bir su \u00e7\u00f6zeltisine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r (B).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu tuzlar\u0131 yak\u0131ndan incelersek;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kaya tuzu<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n En \u00e7ok bilinen kaya tuzu olarak Himalaya pembe tuzu, Pakistan’\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en eski tuz madenlerinden olan Himalaya eteklerinin eteklerinde bulunan Khewra Tuz Madeni’nden toplanmaktad\u0131r. Himalaya pembe tuzu, potasyum, magnezyum, kalsiyum, demir ve \u00e7inko gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli do\u011fal mineraller i\u00e7erir. Bu tuzun ay\u0131rt edici pembe rengi, mevcut olan demir oksit (pas) seviyesinden kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise kaya tuzu \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerde elde edilmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kaya tuzu i\u015fletmeleri Delice (K\u0131r\u0131kkale), Melika\u011f\u0131llar\u0131 (\u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131), Tuzluca (Kars), Ka\u011f\u0131zman (I\u011fd\u0131r), Tepesidelik (K\u0131r\u015fehir), Sekili (Yozgat), G\u00fcl\u015fehir (Nev\u015fehir), Oltukaya (Erzurum-Oltu), \u00c7i\u00e7ekli (K\u0131r\u015fehir-Ak\u00e7akent) tuzlalar\u0131d\u0131r. Anadolu\u2019da bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 30 yak\u0131n tuz maden oca\u011f\u0131 bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ekonomik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015fletilmemektedir. 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda EFTA MADEN taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fletmeye a\u00e7\u0131lan Delice-\u00c7erikli-Tatl\u0131cak (K\u0131r\u0131kkale) tuzlas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Deniz Tuzu;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6zel tuzlar\u0131n en yayg\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc olan deniz tuzudur. Maden olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan kaya tuzu aksine buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f deniz suyundan elde edilen tuzlard\u0131r. Deniz tuzlar\u0131, (\u0130ngiltere-Maldom Tuz gibi) buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak elde edildi\u011fi yere ve i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fen konsantrasyonlarda potasyum, magnezyum, kalsiyum, demir ve \u00e7inko i\u00e7erir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Celtic (Kelt) deniz tuzu, Kelt denizi yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki Fransa’n\u0131n Brittany’sinden elde edilir. \u0130\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda t\u00fcm sular buharla\u015fmam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fundan di\u011fer tuz t\u00fcrlerine k\u0131yasla y\u00fcksek bir neme sahiptir. Celtic tuzu, potasyum, magnezyum, kalsiyum, demir ve \u00e7inko gibi eser miktarda mineral i\u00e7eren a\u00e7\u0131k gri renktedir. Kullan\u0131lan hasat ve i\u015fleme teknikleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda mevcut olan \u00e7e\u015fitli mineral profiline ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u00f6zel tuzlar aras\u0131nda tuz safl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda do\u011fal farkl\u0131l\u0131klar vard\u0131r. Drake ve Drake (2011), bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 tuz t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn mineral konsantrasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dclkemizde ise iki adet deniz tuzlas\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar \u0130zmir\u2019de \u00c7amalt\u0131 tuzlas\u0131 ile Bal\u0131kesir\u2019de bulunan Ayval\u0131k tuzlas\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00fcretilen toplam tuz miktar\u0131n\u0131n %70 kar\u015f\u0131layan Tuz g\u00f6l\u00fcnde \u00fc\u00e7 adet (\u015eerefliko\u00e7hisar da bulunan Kald\u0131r\u0131m ve Kayac\u0131k ile Cihanbeyli) tuzla bulunmaktad\u0131r<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rafiine tuz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Deniz, g\u00f6l ve kaya tuzlar\u0131, kaynak tuzlu sular\u0131 do\u011fal kullan\u0131m\u0131n yan\u0131nda rafine edilerek kullan\u0131ma sunulmaktad\u0131r. Tuzun rafine<\/strong> edilmesi temel olarak elde edilen<\/strong> ham tuzun<\/strong> tamamen eritildikten sonra yabanc\u0131 maddelerden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131larak saf halde kristallendirilmesi i\u015flemidir. Bu y\u00f6ntemle ham tuz<\/strong> su i\u00e7inde tamamen eritilir. Elde edilen tuzlu<\/strong> sudan y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve vakum alt\u0131nda tuz<\/strong> kristalleri tekrar olu\u015fturulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tablo 1. Farkl\u0131 Tipte \u00d6zel Tuzlar\u0131n Mineral \u0130\u00e7eri\u011finin Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Drake, S., & Drake, M. (2011). Comparison of salty taste and time intensity of sea and land salts from around the world. Journal of Sensory Studies<\/em>, 26(1), 25\u201334.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ergin, Z. (1988). Tuzun \u00dcretim teknolojisi ve \u0130nsan Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki Yeri. Madencilik Dergisi<\/em>, XXVII (1)9-30.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tuzlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131flamas\u0131, deniz tuzlar\u0131 ve maden (kaya) tuzlar olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Son zamanlarda, farkl\u0131 madencilik ve toplama teknikleriyle d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinden hasat edilen \u00f6zel sodyum tuzlar\u0131 t\u00fcrleri i\u00e7in pazarlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u0131da s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 \u00f6zel tuzlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rnekleri Himalaya Pink tuzu, tipik bir deniz tuzlar\u0131na \u00f6rnek; Maldon tuzu, Celtic tuzu, Kilauea Black tuzu, Sonoma tuzu, Bolivya Rose […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2799,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2798","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2798","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2798"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2798\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2800,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2798\/revisions\/2800"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2799"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2798"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2798"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eftagrup.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2798"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Salt type*<\/strong><\/td> % Ca<\/strong><\/td> % K<\/strong><\/td> Mg, ppm<\/strong><\/td> Fe, ppm<\/strong><\/td> Na, ppm<\/strong><\/td><\/tr> Sofra Tuzu<\/td> 0.03<\/td> 0.09<\/td> 1.58*101<\/td> 6.01<\/td> 3.91*105<\/td><\/tr> Maldon Tuzu (\u0130ngiltere)<\/td> 0.16<\/td> 0.08<\/td> 4.91*102<\/td> <1.00<\/td> 3.83*105<\/td><\/tr> Celtic Tuzu (Fransa)<\/td> 0.17<\/td> 0.16<\/td> 3.24*103<\/td> 138.8<\/td> 3.38*105<\/td><\/tr> Himalayan Tuzu Pink (Pakistan )<\/td> 0.16<\/td> 0.28<\/td> 1.06*103<\/td> 36.9<\/td> 3.68*105<\/td><\/tr> EFTA Kaya Tuzu-Delice (T\u00fcrkiye)<\/td> <\/td> <\/td> 406.3 mg\/kg<\/td> 505.3 mg\/kg<\/td> <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n